![]() Some inflammation of the terminal and respiratory bronchioles is likely present in all cigarette smokers. However, differences in the exact way of measuring this space result in clinically significant different results and, therefore, debate remains about the true value of this measured parameter.Ĭopyright © 2023, StatPearls Publishing LLC. COPD also includes small airway diseasea poorly understood entity that includes inflammation of the terminal and respiratory bronchioles as well as fibrosis of airway walls with narrowing (8). The most common cause is severe or repeated respiratory infections, often in people who have an underlying problem with their lungs or immune system. Indeed, it may serve as a prognostic factor in patients with acute repository distress syndrome (ARDS) who require ventilation. Bronchiectasis is an irreversible widening (dilation) of portions of the breathing tubes or airways (bronchi) resulting from damage to the airway wall. This phenomenon has clinical significance because, both in healthy and impaired lungs, properly calculating and accounting for this non-physiological space is important for the proper respiratory care of ventilated patients. Conditions Testing Treatment Bronchioles are air passages inside the lungs. This is therefore termed anatomical dead space as it serves no respiratory function. ![]() Anatomic dead space is an important phenomenon in respiratory physiology whereby, owing to the fact that upper airways do not function as locations for gas exchange, and because of the tidal nature of ventilation, there is always a fraction of the inspired air that does not perform a physiologic function of exchanging carbon dioxide for oxygen. Dead space is the known to be portion of each tidal volume which does not get involved in gas exchange. ![]()
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